Paracetamol: The Deceptively Safe Pain Reliever

Paracetamol, known for relieving minor aches and fever, is perceived as a gentler option than NSAIDs, but it is not without risks. Although its primary impact is on the liver, chronic use or use at high doses (more than 4,000 mg per day) can damage the renal tubules, the structures that filter the blood.

This can lead to chronic kidney failure, especially in people with preexisting kidney disease or who combine paracetamol with alcohol, which increases its toxicity. Studies in Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation have linked paracetamol abuse with a progressive deterioration of kidney function, often without obvious symptoms until advanced stages.

Strictly follow the recommended dosage of paracetamol (500-1000 mg every 6-8 hours, not to exceed 4000 mg per day) and avoid taking it for more than a few days in a row without medical supervision. If you consume alcohol regularly, be especially cautious, as the combination can amplify the damage.

Consider non-drug alternatives, such as cold compresses for fever or relaxation techniques for headaches. If you notice signs such as lower back pain, swelling, or unusual fatigue, consult a nephrologist to evaluate your kidney function through blood or urine tests.

Protect your kidneys with informed choices

Ibuprofen and paracetamol are useful tools for quick relief, but overuse can lead to kidney failure, a condition that affects quality of life and, in severe cases, requires dialysis. The key is moderation and vigilance.

Before taking these pain relievers, read the labels, adhere to the maximum doses, and avoid combining them with other medications without consulting a professional. If you have conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, or a history of kidney problems, talk to your doctor about safer options.

Adopt habits that support kidney health: drink at least 2 liters of water a day, reduce your salt intake, and maintain a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, such as blueberries or spinach, which promote kidney function. Keep a medication diary, noting dosage and duration, to identify patterns of overuse.

If you experience symptoms like bloating, changes in urine, or persistent fatigue, don’t ignore them; early detection can prevent serious complications. Your kidneys work tirelessly for you; return the favor by taking care of them wisely.